Cynaropicrin is a sesquiterpene lactone which can inhibit tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) release with IC₅₀s of 8.24 and 3.18 μM for murine and human macrophage cells, respectively. Cynaropicrin also inhibits the increase of cartilage degradation factor (MMP13) and suppresses NF-κB signaling.

Cynaropicrin strongly inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced TNF-α release from either murine or human macrophage cells in a dose-dependent manner with the IC₅₀ values of 8.24 and 3.18 μM, respectively. Cynaropicrin shows significant inhibitory effects toward all mitogenic signals with the IC₅₀ values of 1.20 (concanavalin A), 1.02 (phytohemagglutinin) and 0.90 μM (lipopolysaccharide), respectively. Cynaropicrin suppresses CTLL-2 cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner and the 50% inhibitory concentration (IC₅₀) of Cynaropicrin for CTLL-2 cell growth is 0.91 μM^[1]. The increased mRNA expression of MMP13 induced by TNF-α is similarly inhibited in a concentration-dependent manner by Cynaropicrin. The increased mRNA expression of HIF-2α induced by IL-1β in SW1353 is inhibited in a concentration-dependent manner by Cynaropicrin^[2].

Shanghai Jinpan Biotech Co Ltd has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

346.37

C₁₉H₂₂O₆

35730-78-0

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

-20°C, protect from light

*In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light)

DMSO : ≥ 50 mg/mL (144.35 mM)

* “≥” means soluble, but saturation unknown.

请根据产品在不同溶剂中的溶解度选择合适的溶剂配制储备液；一旦配成溶液，请分装保存，避免反复冻融造成的产品失效。
储备液的保存方式和期限：-80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light)。-80°C 储存时，请在 6 个月内使用，-20°C 储存时，请在 1 个月内使用。

请根据您的实验动物和给药方式选择适当的溶解方案。以下溶解方案都请先按照 In Vitro 方式配制澄清的储备液，再依次添加助溶剂：

——为保证实验结果的可靠性，澄清的储备液可以根据储存条件，适当保存；体内实验的工作液，建议您现用现配，当天使用； 以下溶剂前显示的百
分比是指该溶剂在您配制终溶液中的体积占比；如在配制过程中出现沉淀、析出现象，可以通过加热和/或超声的方式助溶

• 1.

  请依序添加每种溶剂： 10% DMSO    40% PEG300    5% Tween-80    45% saline

  Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (7.22 mM); Clear solution

  此方案可获得 ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (7.22 mM，饱和度未知) 的澄清溶液。

  以 1 mL 工作液为例，取 100 μL 25.0 mg/mL 的澄清 DMSO 储备液加到 400 μL PEG300 中，混合均匀；向上述体系中加入50 μL Tween-80，混合均匀；然后继续加入 450 μL生理盐水定容至 1 mL。

  将 0.9 g 氯化钠，完全溶解于 100 mL ddH₂O 中，得到澄清透明的生理盐水溶液

• 2.

  请依序添加每种溶剂： 10% DMSO    90% (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)

  Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (7.22 mM); Clear solution

  此方案可获得 ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (7.22 mM，饱和度未知) 的澄清溶液。

  以 1 mL 工作液为例，取 100 μL 25.0 mg/mL 的澄清 DMSO 储备液加到 900 μL 20% 的 SBE-β-CD 生理盐水水溶液中，混合均匀。

  将 2 g 磺丁基醚 β-环糊精加入 5 mL 生理盐水中，再用生理盐水定容至 10 mL，完全溶解，澄清透明
• 3.

  请依序添加每种溶剂： 10% DMSO    90% corn oil

  Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (7.22 mM); Clear solution

  此方案可获得 ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (7.22 mM，饱和度未知) 的澄清溶液，此方案不适用于实验周期在半个月以上的实验。

  以 1 mL 工作液为例，取 100 μL 25.0 mg/mL 的澄清 DMSO 储备液加到 900 μL玉米油中，混合均匀。

• [1]. Cho JY, et al. In vitro anti-inflammatory effects of cynaropicrin, a sesquiterpene lactone, from Saussurea lappa. Eur J Pharmacol. 2000 Jun 23;398(3):399-407.

  [2]. Masutani T, et al. Cynaropicrin is dual regulator for both degradation factors and synthesis factors in the cartilage metabolism. Life Sci. 2016 Aug 1;158:70-7.

  [3]. da Silva CF, et al. Activities of psilostachyin A and cynaropicrin against Trypanosoma cruzi in vitro and in vivo. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2013 Nov;57(11):5307-14.

Human U937 cells are cultured in RPMI1640 supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum. To differentiate U937 cells, 2×10⁶ cells/mL are treated with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) of 20 ng/mL for 24 h. The PMA is removed by washing and adherent cells are then allowed to recuperate for 40 h. The recuperated cells are subsequently incubated with lipopolysaccharide of 1 μg/mL for 6 h with Cynaropicrin and positive control drugs. Supernatants are harvested and assayed by ELISA kit for human TNF-α^[1].

Shanghai Jinpan Biotech Co Ltd has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Male Swiss mice are used in this study. Mice are housed at a maximum of 8 per cage and kept in a conventional room at 20 to 24°C under a 12 h to 12 h light-dark cycle. The animals are provided with sterilized water and chow ad libitum. Infection is performed by i.p. injection of 10⁴ or 5×10³ bloodstream trypomastigotes. The animals (18 to 21 g) are divided into the following groups (at least five mice per group): uninfected (noninfected and untreated), untreated (infected with T. cruzi but treated only with vehicle), and treated (infected and treated i.p. with 0.5 to 50 mg/kg/day compound (including Cynaropicrin) or 100 mg/kg/day benznidazole). Mice receive 0.1 mL (i.p.) at 5 and 8 days postinfection (dpi), or at 11, 12, and 13 dpi for the dose of 25 mg/kg, twice a day (b.i.d.)^[3].

Shanghai Jinpan Biotech Co Ltd has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

• [1]. Cho JY, et al. In vitro anti-inflammatory effects of cynaropicrin, a sesquiterpene lactone, from Saussurea lappa. Eur J Pharmacol. 2000 Jun 23;398(3):399-407.

  [2]. Masutani T, et al. Cynaropicrin is dual regulator for both degradation factors and synthesis factors in the cartilage metabolism. Life Sci. 2016 Aug 1;158:70-7.

  [3]. da Silva CF, et al. Activities of psilostachyin A and cynaropicrin against Trypanosoma cruzi in vitro and in vivo. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2013 Nov;57(11):5307-14.