Hesperetin 7-O-glucoside is produced by the enzymatic conversion of Hesperidin. Hesperetin 7-O-glucoside is a potent human HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor and also effectively inhibits the growth of Helicobacter pylori. Antihypertensive effect[1][2].
分子量
464.42
Formula
C22H24O11
CAS 号
31712-49-9
中文名称
橙皮素-7-O-葡萄糖苷
运输条件
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
将 2 g 磺丁基醚 β-环糊精加入 5 mL 生理盐水中,再用生理盐水定容至 10 mL,完全溶解,澄清透明
*以上所有助溶剂都可在 Shanghai Jinpan Biotech Co Ltd 网站选购。
参考文献
[1]. Young-Su Lee, et al. Enzymatic Bioconversion of Citrus Hesperidin by Aspergillus Sojae Naringinase: Enhanced Solubility of hesperetin-7-O-glucoside With in Vitro Inhibition of Human Intestinal Maltase, HMG-CoA Reductase, and Growth of Helicobacter Pylori. Food Chem. 2012 Dec 15;135(4):2253-9.
[2]. Lucas Actis-Goretta, et al. Gastrointestinal Absorption and Metabolism of hesperetin-7-O-rutinoside and hesperetin-7-O-glucoside in Healthy Humans. Mol Nutr Food Res. 2015 Sep;59(9):1651-62.
(Rac)-Hesperetin is the racemate of Hesperetin. Hesperetin is a natural flavanone, and acts as a potent and broad-spectrum inhibitor against human UGT activity. Hesperetin induces apoptosis via p38 MAPK activation.
分子量
302.28
Formula
C16H14O6
CAS 号
69097-99-0
运输条件
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
[1]. Arya A, et al. Bioflavonoid hesperetin overcome bicalutamide induced toxicity by co-delivery in novel SNEDDS formulations: Optimization, in vivo evaluation and uptake mechanism. Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl. 2017 Feb 1;71:954-964
[2]. Liu D, et al. Inhibitory Effect of Hesperetin and Naringenin on Human UDP-Glucuronosyltransferase Enzymes: Implications for Herb-Drug Interactions. Biol Pharm Bull. 2016;39(12):2052-2059.
[3]. Shagirtha K, et al. Neuroprotective efficacy of hesperetin against cadmium induced oxidative stress in the brain of rats. Toxicol Ind Health. 2016 Nov 1. pii: 0748233716665301
[4]. Li Q, et al. Hesperetin Induces Apoptosis in Human Glioblastoma Cells via p38 MAPK Activation. Nutr Cancer. 2019 Jul 11:1-8.
Hesperetin is a natural flavanone, and acts as a potent and broad-spectrum inhibitor against human UGT activity. Hesperetin induces apoptosis.
体外研究 (In Vitro)
Hesperetin has the retention of antioxidant potential in self nano-emulsifying drug delivery system[1]. Hesperetin and NGR display broad-spectrum inhibition against human UGTs. Besides, Hesperetin exhibits strong inhibitory effects on UGT1A1, 1A3 and 1A9 (both IC50 and Ki values lower than 10 µM) and moderately inhibits UGT1A4, UGT1A7, UGT1A8 (IC50 values 29.68-63.87 µM)[2]. Hesperetin interacts with different types of proteins involving hydrogen bonds, pi-pi effects, pi-cation bonding and pi-sigma interactions with varying binding energies. Hesperetin exhibits drug-like properties which projects its potential as a therapeutic option for CHIKV infection[3]. Hesperetin dose-dependently reduces GCDCA-induced caspase-3 activity in cultured primary rat hepatocytes. Hesperetin also dose-dependently reduces CM-induced Nos2 (iNOS) expression in hepatocytes. Interestingly, hesperetin-induced expression of the antioxidant gene haem oxygenase 1 (HO-1) about fourfold compared with cytokine mixture alone[5].
Shanghai Jinpan Biotech Co Ltd has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
体内研究 (In Vivo)
Preadministration of Hesperetin (40 mg/kg b.w., oral) significantly attenuates the Cd-induced oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction, restores the antioxidant and membrane-bound enzyme activities and decreases apoptosis in the brain of rats[4]. Hesperetin (200 mg/kg) attenuates Con A-induced hepatocyte apoptosis and hepatic Nos2 (iNOS) expression in mice. Hesperetin co-treatment also decreases the occurrence of apoptotic bodies, hydropic degeneration, nuclear fragments, autolysis and haemorrhage. The number of leukocytes infiltrated in liver tissue of mice with D-GalN/LPS-induced fulminant hepatitis are significantly decreased by hesperetin in a murine model[5].
Shanghai Jinpan Biotech Co Ltd has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
分子量
302.28
Formula
C16H14O6
CAS 号
520-33-2
中文名称
橙皮素
运输条件
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
[1]. Arya A, et al. Bioflavonoid hesperetin overcome bicalutamide induced toxicity by co-delivery in novel SNEDDS formulations: Optimization, in vivo evaluation and uptake mechanism. Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl. 2017 Feb 1;71:954-964
[2]. Liu D, et al. Inhibitory Effect of Hesperetin and Naringenin on Human UDP-Glucuronosyltransferase Enzymes: Implications for Herb-Drug Interactions. Biol Pharm Bull. 2016;39(12):2052-2059.
[3]. Oo A, et al. In silico study on anti-Chikungunya virus activity of hesperetin. PeerJ. 2016 Oct 26;4:e2602. eCollection 2016.
[4]. Shagirtha K, et al. Neuroprotective efficacy of hesperetin against cadmium induced oxidative stress in the brain of rats. Toxicol Ind Health. 2016 Nov 1. pii: 0748233716665301
[5]. Bai X, et al. The protective effect of the natural compound hesperetin against fulminant hepatitis in vivo and in vitro. Br J Pharmacol. 2017 Jan;174(1):41-56
[6]. Li Q, et al. Hesperetin Induces Apoptosis in Human Glioblastoma Cells via p38 MAPK Activation. Nutr Cancer. 2019 Jul 11:1-8.
Kinase Assay [4]
First, 0.5 mL tissue homogenate is diluted with 1 mL water. Then, to this mixture, 2.5 mL ethanol and 1.5 mL chloroform (all reagents chilled) are added and shaken for 1 min at 4°C, then centrifuged. The enzyme activity in the supernatant is determined. The assay mixture contained 1.2 mL sodium pyrophosphate buffer (0.025 M, pH 8.3), 0.1 mL 186 mM phenazine methosulfate (PMS), 0.3 mL 30 mM Nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT), and 0.2 mL of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH), and appropriately diluted enzyme preparation and water in a total volume of 3 mL. Reaction is initiated by the addition of NADH. After incubation at 30°C for 90 min, the reaction is stopped by the addition of 1 mL glacial acetic acid. The reaction mixture is stirred vigorously and shaken with 4 mL n-butanol. The intensity of the chromogen in the butanol layer is measured at 560 nm against a butanol blank. A system without enzyme served as control. One unit of enzyme activity is defined as 50% inhibition of NBT reduction in 1 min under the assay conditions.
Shanghai Jinpan Biotech Co Ltd has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
Animal Administration [4]
After 7 days of adjusting, the animals are randomly divided into 10 experimental groups. Control group (n=8): These animals are treated with the equivalent volume of PBS as used for the administration of Con A and D-GalN/LPS. Control hesperetin group (n=8): The mice are treated with hesperetin 400 mg/kg p.o. in 0.5% sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMC-Na) solution for 10 days. Con A group (n=15): The animals are treated with the same volume of CMC-Na as used for administration of hesperetin for 10 days and are challenged with Con A (i.v.15 mg/kg). Con A + hesperetin groups: The animals receive various doses of hesperetin (100, 200, 400 mg/kg) p.o. for 10 days before Con A injection (each group n=15). D-GalN/LPS group (n=15): The animals are given CMC-Na for 10 days and injected i.p. with D-GalN (700 mg/kg)/LPS (5 μg/kg). D-GalN/LPS + hesperetin groups: Three doses of hesperetin (100, 200, 400 mg/kg) are given to mice once daily for 10 days. D-GalN (700 mg/kg)/LPS (5 μg/kg) are injected i.p. (each group n=15).
Shanghai Jinpan Biotech Co Ltd has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
参考文献
[1]. Arya A, et al. Bioflavonoid hesperetin overcome bicalutamide induced toxicity by co-delivery in novel SNEDDS formulations: Optimization, in vivo evaluation and uptake mechanism. Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl. 2017 Feb 1;71:954-964
[2]. Liu D, et al. Inhibitory Effect of Hesperetin and Naringenin on Human UDP-Glucuronosyltransferase Enzymes: Implications for Herb-Drug Interactions. Biol Pharm Bull. 2016;39(12):2052-2059.
[3]. Oo A, et al. In silico study on anti-Chikungunya virus activity of hesperetin. PeerJ. 2016 Oct 26;4:e2602. eCollection 2016.
[4]. Shagirtha K, et al. Neuroprotective efficacy of hesperetin against cadmium induced oxidative stress in the brain of rats. Toxicol Ind Health. 2016 Nov 1. pii: 0748233716665301
[5]. Bai X, et al. The protective effect of the natural compound hesperetin against fulminant hepatitis in vivo and in vitro. Br J Pharmacol. 2017 Jan;174(1):41-56
[6]. Li Q, et al. Hesperetin Induces Apoptosis in Human Glioblastoma Cells via p38 MAPK Activation. Nutr Cancer. 2019 Jul 11:1-8.
Hesperidin (Hesperetin 7-rutinoside), a flavanone glycoside, is isolated from citrus fruits. Hesperidin has numerous biological properties, such as decreasing inflammatory mediators and exerting significant antioxidant effects. Hesperidin also exhibits antitumor and antiallergic activities[1][2].
IC50 Target
Human Endogenous Metabolite
;
体外研究 (In Vitro)
Hesperidin (5-200 µM; 24-72 h) induces potent cytotoxic effects in human osteosarcoma MG-63 cells[1]. Hesperidin (5-150 µM; 48 h) induces early and late apoptosis in MG-63 cells[1]. Hesperidin (10-30 µM) inhibits the activity of COX-2 and iNOS in a dose dependent manner in RAW 264.7 cells activated with LPS[2]. Hesperidin (0.1 μg/mL; 2 h) decreases the formation of MDA and intracellular ROS, including chondrocyte apoptosis[3].
MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
Cell Viability Assay[1]
Cell Line:
MG-63 cells
Concentration:
0, 5, 25, 50, 100, 150, 200 µM
Incubation Time:
24, 48, 72 hours
Result:
Led to time-dependent and concentration-dependent cytotoxic effects, with IC50s of 94.3, 78.6 and 63.3 µM at 24, 48 and 72 h, respectively.
Apoptosis Analysis[1]
Cell Line:
MG-63 cells
Concentration:
0, 5, 50, 150 µM
Incubation Time:
48 hours
Result:
Increased the percentage of apoptotic cells from 4.7% to 17.9, 34.6 and 68.3% at the concentration of 0, 5, 50 and 150 µM, respectively.
体内研究 (In Vivo)
Hesperidin (5-80 mg/kg; 2 weeks) significantly suppresses MG-63 tumor growth in mice[1]. Hesperidin (200 mg/kg; once daily for 28 d) markedly attenuates cartilage destruction and reduces IL-1β and TNF-α levels in a surgically-induced osteoarthritis (OA) rats[3].
MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
Clinical Trial
分子量
610.56
Formula
C28H34O15
CAS 号
520-26-3
中文名称
橙皮苷;橙皮甙
运输条件
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
将 2 g 磺丁基醚 β-环糊精加入 5 mL 生理盐水中,再用生理盐水定容至 10 mL,完全溶解,澄清透明
*以上所有助溶剂都可在 MCE 网站选购。
参考文献
[1]. Du GY, et, al. Hesperidin exhibits in vitro and in vivo antitumor effects in human osteosarcoma MG-63 cells and xenograft mice models via inhibition of cell migration and invasion, cell cycle arrest and induction of mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis. Oncol Lett. 2018 Nov;16(5):6299-6306.
[2]. Tejada S, et, al. Potential Anti-inflammatory Effects of Hesperidin from the Genus Citrus. Curr Med Chem. 2018;25(37):4929-4945.
[3]. Gao G, et, al. Effects of Hesperidin on H₂O₂-Treated Chondrocytes and Cartilage in a Rat Osteoarthritis Model. Med Sci Monit. 2018 Dec 17;24:9177-9186.