Quercetin, a natural flavonoid, is a stimulator of recombinant SIRT1 and also a PI3K inhibitor with IC₅₀ of 2.4 μM, 3.0 μM and 5.4 μM for PI3K γ, PI3K δ and PI3K β, respectively^[1].

Quercetin is a type of plant-based chemical, or phytochemical, used as an ingredient in supplements, beverages or foods. In several studies, it may have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, and it is being investigated for a wide range of potential health benefits. Quercetin is a PI3K inhibitor with IC₅₀ of 2.4-5.4 μM. Quercetin strongly abrogates PI3K and Src kinases, mildly inhibits Akt1/2, and slightly affected PKC, p38 and ERK1/2^[1]. Quercetin inhibits TNF-induced LDH% release, EC-dependent neutrophils adhesion to bovine pulmonary artery endothelial cells (BPAEC), and BPAEC DNA synthesis and proliferation^[2].

Shanghai Jinpan Biotech Co Ltd has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Combination of Quercetin (75 mg/kg) and 2-Methoxyestradiol enhances inhibition of human prostate cancer LNCaP and PC-3 cells xenograft tumor growth^[3].

Shanghai Jinpan Biotech Co Ltd has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

302.24

C₁₅H₁₀O₇

117-39-5

槲皮素；栎精；槲皮黄素

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

DMSO : ≥ 100 mg/mL (330.86 mM)

Ethanol : 16.67 mg/mL (55.15 mM; Need ultrasonic)

* “≥” means soluble, but saturation unknown.

请根据产品在不同溶剂中的溶解度选择合适的溶剂配制储备液；一旦配成溶液，请分装保存，避免反复冻融造成的产品失效。
储备液的保存方式和期限：-80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month。-80°C 储存时，请在 6 个月内使用，-20°C 储存时，请在 1 个月内使用。

请根据您的实验动物和给药方式选择适当的溶解方案。以下溶解方案都请先按照 In Vitro 方式配制澄清的储备液，再依次添加助溶剂：

——为保证实验结果的可靠性，澄清的储备液可以根据储存条件，适当保存；体内实验的工作液，建议您现用现配，当天使用； 以下溶剂前显示的百
分比是指该溶剂在您配制终溶液中的体积占比；如在配制过程中出现沉淀、析出现象，可以通过加热和/或超声的方式助溶

• 1.

  请依序添加每种溶剂： 0.5% CMC-Na/saline water

  Solubility: 25 mg/mL (82.72 mM); Suspended solution; Need ultrasonic
• 2.

  请依序添加每种溶剂： 45% PEG300    5% Tween-80    50% saline

  Solubility: 10 mg/mL (33.09 mM); Suspended solution; Need ultrasonic
• 3.

  请依序添加每种溶剂： 50% PG  50% Saline

  Solubility: 10 mg/mL (33.09 mM); Suspended solution; Need ultrasonic
• 4.

  请依序添加每种溶剂： 50%PG  50%Saline

  Solubility: 10 mg/mL (33.09 mM); Suspended solution; Need ultrasonic
• 5.

  请依序添加每种溶剂： 10% DMSO    40% PEG300    5% Tween-80    45% saline

  Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (8.27 mM); Clear solution

  此方案可获得 ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (8.27 mM，饱和度未知) 的澄清溶液。

  以 1 mL 工作液为例，取 100 μL 25.0 mg/mL 的澄清 DMSO 储备液加到 400 μL PEG300 中，混合均匀；向上述体系中加入50 μL Tween-80，混合均匀；然后继续加入 450 μL生理盐水定容至 1 mL。

  将 0.9 g 氯化钠，完全溶解于 100 mL ddH₂O 中，得到澄清透明的生理盐水溶液

• 6.

  请依序添加每种溶剂： 10% DMSO    90% (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)

  Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (8.27 mM); Clear solution

  此方案可获得 ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (8.27 mM，饱和度未知) 的澄清溶液。

  以 1 mL 工作液为例，取 100 μL 25.0 mg/mL 的澄清 DMSO 储备液加到 900 μL 20% 的 SBE-β-CD 生理盐水水溶液中，混合均匀。

  将 2 g 磺丁基醚 β-环糊精加入 5 mL 生理盐水中，再用生理盐水定容至 10 mL，完全溶解，澄清透明

• [1]. Leyre Navarro-Núñez, et al. Effect of quercetin on platelet spreading on collagen and fibrinogen and on multiple platelet kinases. Fitoterapia. 2010 Mar;81(2):75-80.

  [2]. Yu XB, et al. Inhibitory effects of protein kinase C inhibitors on tumor necrosis factor induced bovine pulmonary artery endothelial cell injuries. Yao Xue Xue Bao. 1996;31(3):176-81.

  [3]. Yang F, et al. Combination of Quercetin and 2-Methoxyestradiol Enhances Inhibition of Human Prostate Cancer LNCaP and PC-3 Cells Xenograft Tumor Growth. PLoS One. 2015 May 26;10(5):e0128277.

  [4]. Tao Liu, et al. Quercetin alleviates kidney fibrosis by reducing renal tubular epithelial cell senescence through the SIRT1/PINK1/mitophagy axis. Life Sci. 2020 Jul 20;118116.

Mice are inoculated subcutaneously with 5×10⁵ PC-3 cells suspended in 100μL PBS and 2×10⁸ LNCaP cells suspended in 100μL of matrigel and PBS mixture (1:1) on the right back. When xenograft tumors reach a volume of approximately 100 mm³, mice are randomLy assigned to four groups (n=8 each group) and treated intraperitoneally. Therapeutic schedule based on our in vitro results, preliminary experiments and many other researchers’ studies is as follows: (1) Vehicle control group: vehicle of quercetin on day 1, vehicle of 2-ME on day 2, (2) Quercetin treated group: quercetin 75 mg/kg on day 1, vehicle of 2-ME on day 2, (3) 2-ME treated group: vehicle of quercetin on day 1, 2-ME 150 mg/kg on day 2, (4) Combination treatment group: quercetin 75 mg/kg on day 1, 2-ME 150 mg/kg on day 2. Two days is a treatment cycle and the whole treatment process lasted for 4 weeks. Tumor sizes are monitored every 2 days using caliper and tumor volume are calculated according to the formula: L×S2×0.5, in which L represents the longest diameter and S represents the shortest diameter of tumor. Mice are weighed as well. At the end of treatment procedure, on day 29, mice are anesthetized with chloral hydrate and sacrificed by cervical dislocation. Xenograft tumors are taken out quickly and weighed. One part of it is put into liquid nitrogen immediately for future biomarker analysis and the other part is fixed in 10% neutral buffered formalin for immunohistochemical analysis. Serum biochemical parameters such as ALT, AST, creatinine and urea nitrogen that reflected drug toxicity are also detected.

Shanghai Jinpan Biotech Co Ltd has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

• [1]. Leyre Navarro-Núñez, et al. Effect of quercetin on platelet spreading on collagen and fibrinogen and on multiple platelet kinases. Fitoterapia. 2010 Mar;81(2):75-80.

  [2]. Yu XB, et al. Inhibitory effects of protein kinase C inhibitors on tumor necrosis factor induced bovine pulmonary artery endothelial cell injuries. Yao Xue Xue Bao. 1996;31(3):176-81.

  [3]. Yang F, et al. Combination of Quercetin and 2-Methoxyestradiol Enhances Inhibition of Human Prostate Cancer LNCaP and PC-3 Cells Xenograft Tumor Growth. PLoS One. 2015 May 26;10(5):e0128277.

  [4]. Tao Liu, et al. Quercetin alleviates kidney fibrosis by reducing renal tubular epithelial cell senescence through the SIRT1/PINK1/mitophagy axis. Life Sci. 2020 Jul 20;118116.