R18 TFA is a peptide antagonists of 14-3-3, with a KD of 70-90 nM. R18 efficiently blocks the binding of 14-3-3 to the kinase Raf-1, a physiological ligand of 14-3-3, and effectively abolished the protective role of 14-3-3 against phosphatase-induced inactivation of Raf-1[1].
(20R)-Protopanaxadiol is a triterpenoid saponin metabolite of 20(R)-ginsenoside Rg3 in black ginseng. (20R)-Protopanaxadiol exhibits anti-tumor activity and cytotoxicity, and potently inhibits the growth of Helicobacter pylori[1][2][3].
分子量
460.73
Formula
C30H52O3
CAS 号
7755-01-3
中文名称
(20R)-原人参二醇
运输条件
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
[1]. Liu L, et al. Enzymatic preparation of 20(S, R)-protopanaxadiol by transformation of 20(S, R)-Rg3 from black ginseng. Phytochemistry. 2010 Sep;71(13):1514-20.
[2]. Bae EA, et al. Metabolism of 20(S)- and 20(R)-ginsenoside Rg3 by human intestinal bacteria and its relation to in vitro biological activities. Biol Pharm Bull. 2002 Jan;25(1):58-63.
[3]. Hasegawa H, et al. Inhibitory effect of some triterpenoid saponins on glucose transport in tumor cells and its application to in vitro cytotoxic and antiviral activities. Planta Med. 1994 Jun;60(3):240-3.
(20R)-ginsenoside Rg3 ((20R)-Propanaxadiol), one of the active compounds present in ginseng root, inhibits vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)(IC50=10 nM) and antitumor activities[1][2].
分子量
785.01
Formula
C42H72O13
CAS 号
38243-03-7
中文名称
(20R)-人参皂苷Rg3
运输条件
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
[1]. Liu L, et al. Enzymatic preparation of 20(S, R)-protopanaxadiol by transformation of 20(S, R)-Rg3 from blackginseng. Phytochemistry. 2010 Sep;71(13):1514-20.
[2]. Yue PY, et al. The angiosuppressive effects of 20(R)- ginsenoside Rg3. Biochem Pharmacol. 2006 Aug 14;72(4):437-45.
[1]. Chen W, et al. Camphor–a fumigant during the Black Death and a coveted fragrant wood in ancient Egypt and Babylon–a review. Molecules. 2013 May 10;18(5):5434-54.
Notoginsenoside R1 (Sanchinoside R1), a saponin, is isolated from P. notoginseng. Notoginsenoside R1 exhibits anti-oxidation, anti-inflammatory, anti-angiogenic, and anti-apoptosis activities. Notoginsenoside R1 provides cardioprotection against ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Notoginsenoside R1 also provides neuroprotection in H2O2-induced oxidative damage in PC12 cells[1][2][3].
体外研究 (In Vitro)
Notoginsenoside R1 (2.5-80 μM; 24 h) inhibits the hypoxia-reoxygenation (H/R)-induced cell death, intracellular ROS accumulation, and mitochondrial membrane depolarization in H9c2 cardiomyocytes[1]. Notoginsenoside R1 (5-20 μM; 24 h) inhibits the H/R-induced H9c2 cardiomyocytes apoptosis in a concentration-dependent manner[1]. Notoginsenoside R1 (1-100 μM; 24 h) dose-dependently protects PC12 cells and primary neurons from Aβ-induced cell death and apoptosis[2]. Notoginsenoside R1 (10 μM; 24 h) inhibits Aβ25-35-induced ROS production, mitochondrial damage and MAPK activation in PC12 cells[2].
MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
体内研究 (In Vivo)
Notoginsenoside R1 (5 mg/kg/h; infused via the right jugular vein) increases red blood cell velocity, reduces the number of adherent leukocytes and inhibits mast cell degranulation and cytokine elevation in rats[3].
MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
Animal Model:
Male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats (200-250 g)[3]
Dosage:
5 mg/kg/h
Administration:
Infused 20 min before LPS infusion via the right jugular vein
Result:
Ameliorated the LPS-induced reduction in the mesenteric venular shear rate to some extent. Attenuated the LPS-induced adhesion of leukocytes to the venular wall. Inhibited mast cell degranulation and cytokine elevation.
分子量
933.13
Formula
C47H80O18
CAS 号
80418-24-2
中文名称
三七皂苷 R1
运输条件
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
[1]. Yu Y, et, al. Cardioprotective effects of Notoginsenoside R1 against ischemia/reperfusion injuries by regulating oxidative stress- and endoplasmic reticulum stress- related signaling pathways. Sci Rep. 2016 Feb 18;6:21730.
[2]. Ma B, et, al. Notoginsenoside R1 attenuates amyloid-β-induced damage in neurons by inhibiting reactive oxygen species and modulating MAPK activation. Int Immunopharmacol. 2014 Sep;22(1):151-9.
[3]. Sun K, et, al. Protective effects of ginsenoside Rb1, ginsenoside Rg1, and notoginsenoside R1 on lipopolysaccharide-induced microcirculatory disturbance in rat mesentery. Life Sci. 2007 Jul 19;81(6):509-18.
HKOH-1r is a highly sensitive and selective fluorescent probe which is used for detecting endogenous hydroxyl radicals in living cells[1].
体外研究 (In Vitro)
HKOH-1r (0.1-50 μM; 24 h) shows negligible or no cytotoxicity in both RAW264.7 cells and Hela cells[1]. HKOH-1r (5 μM; 30 min) detects endogenous •OH in the flow cytometry platform in RAW264.7 cells[1].
MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
分子量
938.28
Formula
C34H25Cl2I2NO11
CAS 号
2138472-08-7
运输条件
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
将 2 g 磺丁基醚 β-环糊精加入 5 mL 生理盐水中,再用生理盐水定容至 10 mL,完全溶解,澄清透明
*以上所有助溶剂都可在 MCE 网站选购。
参考文献
[1]. Bai X, et, al. HKOH-1: A Highly Sensitive and Selective Fluorescent Probe for Detecting Endogenous Hydroxyl Radicals in Living Cells. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2017 Oct 9;56(42):12873-12877.